How to Find a Job Essay Example

Step by step instructions to Find a Job Essay How to get a new line of work? some guidance for the jobless. The initial phase in getting a new line of work is to compose a resume or get ready to finish an employment form. Contingent upon the sort of occupation you are looking for, you will require a resume, CV (educational program vitae) and an introductory letter or you should finish an application for business. Much of the time, you will require a resume to apply for full-time, proficient openings for work. On the off chance that you are looking for low maintenance occupation or work in a profession field like friendliness or retail, for instance, you will finish an application for business. The following stage in getting a new line of work is to discover business chances to apply to whether on the web, or face to face. You should look through the online quest for new employment destinations, as praca. pl, pacuj. pl. employments. pl and use disconnected assets including organizing, which is as yet the manner in which the vast majority secure positions. It is prudent to join proficient affiliations, look for unpaid interships in volounteer work and acknowledge each social greeting that comes your direction. Extending your contact is the most ideal method of getting the places that are not promoted. On the off chance that you get an interwiew show up on with the particulars about how you are hireing what legitimately advantage the organization with instances of what you achieved in the initial a half year in the activity. Tailor every resume to the employment opportunity by focusing on positions you have held and abilities you need to match to the present open door . On the off chance that you are reacting to a commercial utilize the words from the ad to depict your work understanding. Go to the company’s site for the trendy expressions that cause you to appear to be a perfect fit for a vocation. Modify your own letter as well. Keep it brief, close to three sections and expound on your most prominent strenghts. We will compose a custom article test on How to Find a Job explicitly for you for just $16.38 $13.9/page Request now We will compose a custom exposition test on How to Find a Job explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer We will compose a custom exposition test on How to Find a Job explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer The recruiter’s eyes will peruse it first. It is imperative to catch up with the individuals who have talked with you. Send a thank you letter inside twenty-four hours of your meeting. Likewise contact the business in the event that you have not heard whether you landed the position, or not, inside a week or so of meeting. Ask about the status of your application and inquire as to whether you can give any extra data. Did uou know about 50% of occupation searchers give bogus or deluding data on their resumes? As indicated by a study 20% are lying about their instruction, twelve percent become under legitimate about past business.

Environmental Quality Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Natural Quality - Essay Example There have been numerous administration subsidized organizations which have assisted with doing testing and make sense of manners by which to improve our biological system. Minnesota has consistently been on the cutting edge in natural wellbeing. Strikingly enough, one of my educators has joined the board who assists with choosing what number of and what sorts of items must be bought which are esteemed ecologically ok for our state. They help to set rules on what sorts of materials can be utilized and what amount must be spent on earth safe items versus hazardous items. These are just a couple of the things never really improve the nature of the earth around our region. Nearby gatherings have been sorting out tidy up days and in the event that you ever walk around Minneapolis, you'll notice how incredibly clean it has become. Truth be told, once in a while when I take the transport and look at downtown Minneapolis, I scarcely observe a paper tossed on the ground some place. There are, in any case, a wide range of things which should be possible to help improve the natural status of the Twin Cities. For example, increment reusing declarations could be made. Numerous individuals I know don't have the foggiest idea where to drop off their things which can be reused. Announcements and fliers could be delivered and circulated around lofts and dropped off at individuals' homes with numbers to call a delivers for spots to drop off their waste materials.

The Indian Removal Act free essay sample

They went from multiple points of view of transportation, for example, foot, pony, and wagon. Despite the fact that many are educated regarding the awfulness of the Indian Removal Acts, people in general appeared to have empower it and not care about the state Of the Indians that were being moved which was as deplorable as any piece of American History. The publics perspective on the Indian Removal Act was tolerant. They didn't dissent or article the remorseless things that Andrew Jackson was doing. A portion of the remorseless things being; treating Indians ineffectively, devastating the bank, and taking steps to execute his bad habit president.The primary purpose behind their remissness as that they in reality needed the Indians to leave. The primary explanations behind them needing the Indians to leave was more sanctuary, more land, and more openings for work. As they were kicking the Natives out of their homes, just minutes after the fact new, white, Americans moved right in as the Native families watch another family move into their home (CORBA). Today, we can demonstrate that people in general speedily couldn't have cared less about the Natives since they kept their leader, Andrew Jackson, in office as the demonstrations were being passed. In the Election of 1 832, Jackson won by an embarrassing margin with 219 discretionary votes. The second spot washout, Henry Clay, got just 49 discretionary votes (1 832 Presidential Election). Clearly, in the event that anybody needed to change what was happening, Andrew Jackson would not have remained in office. The legislature had a noticeable job in the Indian Removal Acts. The pioneer, all things considered, was President Andrew Jackson. Out of the entirety of the eleven settlements marked to move the southern clans, Andrew Jackson marked nine of them(PBS. Organization). The clans consented to the terms so they could stay away from issues, for example, provocation, and ideally keep up a portion of their territory and furthermore for vital reasons. Jacksons disposition toward Native Americans was approving, he portrayed the Natives as youngsters needing direction; he additionally accept the expulsion strategy was useful to the Indians(PBS. Organization). Despite the fact that, the pioneer, Andrew Jackson was accountable for the legislature, the whole government didn't bolster everything that was being finished. In anger of everything that was being done, the Cherokee Nation indicted a case restricting one Of Jacksons bill to move the Indians out west. After the preliminary, the Cherokee won the case for nine votes to zero.To show Jacksons power, a statement utilized by him was The Supreme Court has made their meeting, presently let me see them attempt to authorize it. (learnable. Organization). This indicated a disappointment of the checks and parity framework. So as to pay off the Indians out of their country, the administration guaranteed the Indians things, for example, cash, land, and opportunity once they got out to their new home in present day Oklahoma. At the point when the Indians got their be that as it may, they don't received anything consequently and were left with nothing out west. On the administration sending them away, the legislature would in fact give them land to live on.They would be misleading and put rival clans near each other to cause ensign between the two. This would make the Native populace decline considerably more as wars would break out. According to the Natives, this was awful as one may accept. A portion of the clans tuned in to the administration and marked arrangements with no contention, yet others didn't leave as simple as the legislature normally liked. Very few clans made a move to stop this, yet the ones who did were as yet fruitless. Despite the fact that the Cherokee won their legal dispute, nothing was done in their favor.Other southern clans, for example, the Creek, Seminole, Chickasaws, and Chaotic additionally were against the demonstrations. The Creek country Was constrained out on the grounds that the Secretary of War said it was a military need (PBS. Organization). This is one of the numerous countries that didn't appear to retaliate with the legislature; no expulsion bargains were ever marked (PBS. Organization). By 1837, 1 5,000 Creek Indians moved out west by request of the administration. The Chickasaws bunch understood that there was no chance to get around the development, and with no dissent, marked a Treaty in 1832.The bargain expressed that the government would give them significant land they would have the option to live effectively with (PBS. Organization). The arrangement of the Chickasaws of mollifying to the legislature reverse discharges when the War Department wound up throwing in the towel on its guarantee. Since such huge numbers of Natives were sent starting with one spot then onto the next, a typical path was headed out to get to the goal Of present day Oklahoma. The awful path is known as the Trail of Tears; about 125,000 Natives voyaged this way (history. Com).This trail secured 2,200 miles of land and ocean. The Cherokee were the most known for their view on the Trail of Tears. They had two totally different perspectives on leaving their region be that as it may, one side needed to remain ND battle, while the opposite side needed to simply assuage to the legislature and acknowledge the cash and land they were offered for leaving (history. Com). A warrior of the name John G. Burnett was familiar with the Cherokee after he had invested a ton of energy chasing and going with the tribe.He expressed that the day the clan was constrained out was hard and even cited that One can always remember the bitterness and gravity of that morning. (learn. Organization). During their excursion, upon the arrival of March 26th, 1839, an awful day off hail storm hit them hard, and the sufferings of the Cherokee were difficult to e. Something else said by Burnett was that It was a path Of death, which truly demonstrates that such a large number of individuals lost their life due to the administrations remorseless requirement of moving the Native Americans out west. The path is said to have slaughtered around 4,000 Cherokee. It was said that up to 33% of the Cherokee country was executed (learnable. Organization). As one may know, there are as yet remaining Cherokee clans around today. They are scarred from this season of American History. They consider it to be unlawful, out of line, and are exceptionally vexed on the way that nothing was helped in out. Many may not realize that the Cherokee has their own administration now and lives in zones, for example, Nevada, Colorado, Arizona, and New Mexico (Cherokee. Organization) So as one may see, there were various perspectives on the Indian Removal Acts and the administration was a significant reason. Relatively few of the residents in people in general appeared to think about how the Indians were dealt with and nothing was done to quit treating them inadequately. The individuals didn't attempt to dispose of the primary individual who drives everything, Andrew Jackson, they kept him in office and didn't stand in opposition to anything he did over his eight years in office. As most can see, the Indian Removal Acts were totally unlawful and were an extremely awful time in the long periods of America.

Managment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Managment - Essay Example Contrasted with different alumni, I accept that my boss research aptitudes and capacity to arrange myself and the group to confront difficulties puts me at a preferred position. I bring the estimations of genuineness, responsibility and a capacity to address difficulties head on to the table. I am straightforward in my dealings and on the off chance that I am given some obligation, I guarantee that I am responsible also. Joined with the capacity to ascend to difficulties, these qualities make me a perfect individual to lead a group. Further, I can subordinate my individual objectives to the requirements of the group making me a cooperative person too. Consequently, this capacity to be a piece of the group just as lead a group makes me flexible and adept at my particular employment. I will demonstrate my incentive to the planned business by informing him regarding the most noteworthy test that I have looked in my life up until this point and relating the subtleties of how I defeated the test. The test being referenced is about how I drove from the front when confronted with an obstinate issue that required out-of-the-crate thinking to show up at a

Analysis of the Introduction of Ariel and Prospero in Act I, Scene 2 of The Tempest - Literature Essay Samples

The introduction of Ariel in the second scene of The Tempest raises some of the central issues in William Shakespeares 17th-century play. Most notably, the themes of power, nature, and magic prove to be integral in shaping the audiences perception of Ariel, Prospero, and the island itself. Indeed, the concept of power and its use within this scene, particularly in the context of the era where the divine right of kings was unanimously accepted provides the foundation for a full understanding of the play. Shakespeares presentation of the nymph Ariel as both a powerful brave spirit and the slave of Prospero (is there more toil? Since thou dost give me pains) raises the question of whether Prospero has the right to summon and dismiss Ariel in such a dictatorial manner (Go. Hence with diligence). Ultimately, Act I, scene 2, introduces characteristics of Ariel that suggest that he has both Prosperos respect and gratitude, but also that he is irrefutably subservient to his master. The rel ationship between Prospero and Ariel is a curious one. Firstly, their names have interesting connotations. Prospero brings to mind the verb to prosper suggestive of magic and conjuring, while Ariel, described as an airy spirit in the character list, has a name that notifies the audience that he is of the elements and can be considered a demi-god. Despite this elevated status, Ariel is obedient to his noble master even though it is he who conducts a great deal of Prosperos magic. Although there may well be a friend-like bond of mutual respect between the two characters, it soon becomes clear that Prospero is indeed in control of Ariel, who acts not unlike a right-hand man. The use of sir and master by Ariel to address Prospero provides evidence for Prosperos authority and power over his subject. Ariel appears to be indebted to Prospero, a fact emphasized to the audience by his exaggerated language. Shakespeares use of hyperbole to force the idea that Ariel serves Prospero is highly effective. For example, All hail, great master! and I come to answer thy best pleasure, portray Ariel almost as a sycophant to his master, desperate to appease him. This is continually reinforced throughout the scene, with Ariels responses to Prosperos questions becoming increasingly elaborate Not a hair perished; on their sustaining garments not a blemish, is Ariels answer when Prospero asks him whether all those who were entrapped in the tempest are still alive. This use of exaggerated tone and overtly descriptive vernacular intrigues the audience, as one wonders why Ariel might feel such an intense need to appease Prospero. The text answers this question by declaring that Prospero freed Ariel from the foul witch Sycorax. Prospero is eager to emphasise his control, as can be seen when he retorts to Ariels request for freedom by declaring him a malignant thing reducing him to inanimate object. He goes on to ask, dost thou forget from what torment I freed thee? When Ariel answer s no, Prospero still takes the opportunity to retell just how compassionate he was to Ariel, highlighting the ways in which Sycorax imposed her age and envy to imprison Ariel within a tree painfully for a dozen years. Prospero uses sarcasm and rhetorical questions o was she so? to ensure that Ariel resists reiterating how he has done thee worthy service, told thee no lies, made thee no mistakes and served without grudge or grumblings. Shakespeare deploys imagery successfully in order to suggest Prosperos dominance over Ariel. Prospero, who initially treats Ariel in a manner that reflects admiration, soon begins employing threatening imagery in an effort to convince Ariel that he must serve his duty or face severe punishment. Prospero threatens, if thou more murmurst, I will rend an oak, and peg thee in his knotty trails, till thou hast howled away twelve winters. The use of metaphor when stating thy groans did make wolves howl, and penetrate the breast of bear in reference to Syco raxs imprisonment of Ariel accentuates the idea that Prospero has acted as Ariels liberator. In Act I, scene 2, Prospero suggests that Ariel is very much indebted to his master. While it is clear to the audience that Prospero has been hypocritical toward Ariel by enslaving him in much the same vein as Sycorax did (although she simply imprisoned him), Ariel is forced to continue serving Prospero. After Prosperos threatening warning, Ariel reverts to his original subservience: Thats my noble master. What shall I do? Say what. What shall I do? However, Prospero does not treat Ariel as one who is among the lowest in the Jacobin social order like Caliban but predominantly as a respected servant, ensuring that he retains control but also eager to praise his quaint Ariel. The tone of Prospero is one of delight and pleasure at Ariels magic why, thats my spirit. Instead of overtly ordering Ariel to do his bidding, Prospero simply suggests that it is his duty to do as he says Ariel, thy charge exactly is performed. But theres more work. Ariel, meanwhile, generally responds with obedience. Ariel is not the moody character that Prospero describes him as when he tentatively asks for his liberty, but is rather charmingly energetic and enthusiastic. When describing his actions, he uses expressive adjectives such as flamed amazement and Joves lightnings an insight into the potential power of Ariel. His references to Neptune and Jove, both ancient Greek gods, forms a direct comparison between his work and that of a god an idea that instantly prompts the audience to recognise that Prospero cannot govern Ariel exclusively as a servant. There is an aspect to Ariel that separates him from the earthly world of humans. Although he may well be subject to the magician, his own conjuring is more natural and of a higher order than that the powers learned from books. Ariel is associated with the power of the elements; images such as flame, thunder-claps, spirits and nymph o the se a all enhance the idea that his is a pure figure, a child of nature. While Prospero ultimately presides over Ariel, the audience is made aware that the relationship between the two cannot be defined so simply as master/slave. Prospero requires Ariels magic, while Ariel needs him to earn his liberty. Shakespeare presents the concept of mutual dependence in this scene so that as the play unravels and all achieve their aims, the conclusion is not alien to the audience, but rather relates to the beginning of the play. Ariel is presented more favourably than his master Prospero in Act I, scene 2. Although one expects Prospero to be a positive influence on the island due to the fact that he has been usurped from power himself, and assumed the role of leader of the island due to his noble status, one must consider Prosperos disruption of the natural order. While Prospero has seemingly convinced himself that he has the right to rule over Ariel, which in turn raises the question of whether Prospero can be considered a good character or not, he has dominated over the natural world in Arial and the rightful heir of the island in Caliban. In Act I, scene 2, Shakespeare introduces Ariel as both powerful and subservient, committed to the cause of his master, Prospero. Their relationship is one of mutual dependence, but is ultimately governed by Prospero, who consistently exerts his authority over Ariel. Ariels introduction is important in that he is symbolic of the beauty of the island. It is clear that Ariel, possibly like the island, wishes to be rid of the meddling Prospero, but he realises that he is under must obey his master: Pardon, master, I will be correspondent to your command, and do my spiriting gently. Ariels obedience to Prospero signifies the latters continual misuse of power; he utilizes Ariels magic to cause disturbances, but is unwilling to grant Ariel his rightful liberty. Ariels appearance as one who is both natural and powerful, but under the dictators hip of Prospero, implies that he is being ruled over unjustly. Indeed, Shakespeare forges their relationship either to provoke the suggestion that Prosperos right as ruler is not indisputable, but open to debate, or in support for the continuation of the royal inheritance of kings.

Governing Information Processes In Organizations Coursework - 3025 Words

Governing Information Processes In Organizations Coursework (Coursework Sample) Content: Name Institution Subject Date Information briefing paperInformation in an organization ranges from all business news to its research technologies within an organization. They can be in a raw form (data) to a processed form of the data, termed as information. Information within an organization should be liable to protection from mishandling and shady practices for it is the key to the success of the team (Thirunavukkarasu, 2010). In all the organizations, laws are specifying how to handle information within the organization. This exercise has prearranged to the emergence of the information governance and ethics in all the business areas. The management body plays the most important role in ensuring that the available resources have efficient utilization. The success of this body depends on the clarity of their visions how effectively they plan their actions and how they execute the proposed measures. To ensure the success of this processes the body of information gove rnance and ethics has evolved to guide how the organization should handle the information within the organization. Policies and various guidelines have been developed by this body to ensure the correct, effectiveness, and efficiency. These policies and guidance keep changing from time to time, which makes it, necessary for continuous reviewing of these laws to ensure the effectiveness of the actions taken in the business areas.The active areas within the business area include but are not limited to finance, intellectual property, sales and marketing, property, human resources and production. Ethics are drawn in each of this business wings to enhance responsibility while reducing the detrimental practices that can come up within the organization. Laws and regulations help the team to focus on creating the value of the organizations purposes and accomplish the actions of the individuals answerable for making the price with interests to the organization and its stakeholders. Some of t he risks and opportunities include errors in data entry, exposure of top secrets of the organization to the outside world, which might lead to, reduced competition of the institution. Fraud and liabilities of the senior agency leaders can be liable for ignorance, which leads to the corporate members losing their properties. The intellectual properties of the members and products prone to obliviousness in cases where there are no clear guidelines and laws that govern these properties. Trade secrecy can have possible exposure to the competitors resulting in significant losses to the organization. Increase in information technology has also improved the accessibility of data to all due to advanced connectivity putting information at riskEach of these active areas of business has its risks, which should consider in information governance and ethics. In the finance area, the standards outlined include fairness in trade practices, tax payment, internal and external auditing, executive co mpensation and financial contracting. The risks that are in this area include earnings management, creative accounting, ambiguous financial analysis, securities fraud, and insider interchange and enablement payments. In the human resource management, which is concerned with recruitment performance, health and safety issues, and performance records, and appraises the ethics of this department are directed towards labor to ensure worker dignity and support of a hierarchical workplace. The policies of this administration are meant to guide the privacy of the employees. This aspect will, however, avoid discrimination, to ensure proper compensation of the employees as by their worth and ensure good employment and work safety. The marketing and sales ethics outline the principles, values, and standards that will govern the organization marketers. The ethical issues include marketing redundancy and any dangerous products or services that the organization markets. It requires that the marke ters should be transparent about any possible environmental risks of their goods or services, any potential health hazards associated with the product and also the transparency of the ingredients of their products. There should be respect for the organization consumers ensuring their privacy and autonomy. Truthfulness and fairness in product or service pricing and distribution are also a major factor in ethics.It is ethical that products and the processes involved in production should not cause unnecessary harm to the users and the environment. Ethics in business is applicable in area areas that constitute the organization. Goods and services that are being offered by an organization should have minimal to zero risks. The impacts to the setting due to the use of products include habitat extinction or pollution and pollution. The production of new products, especially new technologies, to the environment whose consequences are not understood has high prohibition in all organizations. Ideas, thoughts, codes and information of an individual for selection to similar protections rather than being reproduced. Copyrights, trademarks, and patent protect them. The ethical issues that can arise regarding these properties include patent infringement, trade infringement, and copyright misuse, trademark trolling and submarine patents. The organization properties range from employees to produced goods. The ethical issues under this include employee raiding and monopolization of an employee. One will also include coming up with laws and regulations that govern information and the ethics within the body, the organizations board associates, decision-making management, customers, staff, investors, community and organization controllers have to be involved. This rule is meant to avoid conflict of interest within the body members, especially in the short term goals of information governance. The inclusion of these members will also increase proper over sightings in this departmen t.Data governance includes administering discipline in data management. It ensures that the data activities of the operation team should meet the set standards of data integrity and data quality. The governor enforces and executes the laws outlined by data management and other data assets. Also, cover the corrective measures that the technical team will use to improve the data quality. They also ensure accountability for any little data quality by the handlers. This aspect makes the produced data trustworthy, and it increases the effectiveness of the organization by putting people in charge of preventing and correcting issues on data. They ensure that the available technology is used effectively to make the necessary data available to the staffs, which are concerned about its use so as to improve the organization performance while protecting the same data from reaching the unnecessary individuals.Information governance is the policies, procedures, and processes that control informat ion at the agency level. They also support the organizations current and future regulations on information within the organization. The information governance tries to bring a balance between the extracting value from the information and protecting it from any potential risks that can affect information. It includes record management, information security ensuring: risk management, compliance, and protection of information. It also encompasses data governance. In these policies, privacy, data storage, data archiving, auditing, analyzing, IT and knowledge management, business intelligence and operations put into account. Some practices can ensure effective data governance and information management. Laws and regulations that define land policies. The rules include the foreign account tax compliance act that requires the filing of the yearly reports to the financial accounts, reducing credit card fraud among the cardholders and organizations that handle credit cards. It also assesses the validity of credit cards annually thus ensuring information security, portability of health insurance, and the act of accountability. This process provides established nationwide values for automated healthcare trades and ensures proper providers with good insurance strategies are in place, the financial services modernization act of 1999 and the federal rules of civil procedure.The frameworks used in information governance are:The Australia standard for ICTs corporate governance, adopted in 2008, helps the people at the highest level in the organization. They will, therefore, comprehend and accomplish their permissible, ethical obligations and regulations considering a set of Information technology of the organization by giving them principles and standards on how they will effectively and efficiently use the information technology within their organization in an acceptable manner. It can work from the small sized body to large groups. From public authorities to a private grou p and that referred to as AS8015-2005. They are closely related to the ISO/IEC 38500:2008. Another framework is called COBIT (Control Objective for Information and Related Technology). It is the foremost framework for data management and control. It provides a 37 IT processes found in all organizations. The methods for input and output for each of the 37 IT process are also defined clearly in this framework. The activities, objectives, measures of performance and critical processes included in the model allowing the directors to bond effectively, gaps occurring amid control necessities methodical issues and jeopardies in the organization. The information governance is achievable by aligning the organization goals with targets and processes of the organization. Other frameworks commonly used are Capability Maturity Model, which looks at IT software. Balanced Scored card structure, assess the performance of the team at the different areas of the ...

Moa-Nalo - Facts and Figures

About three million years ago, a population of mallard-like ducks managed to reach the Hawaiian islands, smack in the middle of the Pacific Ocean. Once ensconced in this remote, isolated habitat, these lucky pioneers evolved in a very strange direction: flightless, goose-like, stocky-legged birds that fed not on small animals, fish and insects (like most other birds) but exclusively on plants. Moa-Nalo Fast Facts Name: Moa-Nalo, also known by the genus names Chelychelynechen, Thambetochen, and PtaiochenEtymology: Hawaiian for lost fowlHabitat: Hawaiian islandsHistorical Epoch: Pleistocene-Modern, or two million-1,000 years agoSize: Up to 3 feet high and 15 poundsDiet: HerbivoreDistinguishing Characteristics: Vestigial wings and stocky legs The Lost Hawaiian Bird Collectively known as Moa-Nalo, these birds actually comprised three separate, closely related, and nearly unpronounceable genera: Chelychelynechen, Thambetochen and Ptaiochen. We can thank modern science for what we know about the Moa-Nalo: analysis of fossilized coprolites, or petrified poop, has yielded valuable information about their diet, and traces of preserved mitochondrial DNA point to their duck ancestry (their most likely modern descendant being the Pacific Black Duck.) Since⠁  Ã¢â‚¬â€like the distantly related Dodo Bird of the island of Mauritius⠁  Ã¢â‚¬â€the Moa-Nalo had no natural enemies, you can probably guess the reason it went extinct around 1000 C.E. As far as archeologists can tell, the first human settlers arrived on the Hawaiian islands about 1,200 years ago, and found the Moa-Nalo easy pickings since this bird was unfamiliar with humans, or with any natural predators. It likely possessed a very trusting nature, and it didnt help that these human pioneers also brought with them the usual complement of rats and cats. These further decimated the Moa-Nalo population, both by targeting the adults and by stealing their eggs. Succumbing to intense ecological disruption, the Moa-Nalo disappeared off the face of the earth about 1,000 years ago, and was unknown to modern naturalists until the discovery of numerous fossils in the early 80s.

The World War And The End Of The Cold War - 1452 Words

This chapter covers the period between the Second World War and the end of the Cold War, both of which are significant turning points in the history of the First World War and have influenced the emergence of memories on the Christmas truce. It will assess how the cultural and political context of the second half the 20th Century led to new modern historiographies of the war and why memories of the truce gained ground in the 1960s, after lacking coherence in the past 50 years. The context of the post-war period and the anti-war narrative facilitated the emergence of the truce in accounts of the war, but its continued remembrance is down to its perpetual message of peace and human kindness, through which the public express contemporary concerns about the political and cultural context of the time. The growth of personal accounts of the war mirrored the emergence of memories on the truce, which was facilitated by the generational shift and expansion of museums and archives, reducing reliance on published material portraying military accounts of the war. Moreover, the growth of cultural history and popular culture in the 1960s onwards enabled these personal accounts to become easily accessible to the public and led to negative portrayals of the war that would not have been possible in the 1920s. This chapter cannot cover all sources produced in the time period so will consequently focus on the most influential popular and historical sources. The most significant theme isShow MoreRelatedThe Cold War and Its Effect on The History of America Essay1706 Words   |  7 Pages The Cold War was the ideological conflict between the two superpowers of the world, the democratic United States of America and the communist Soviet Union. 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For nearlyRead MoreCold War And Its Effect On The End Of War1139 Words   |  5 PagesIn 1945, right after the end of Second World War, cold war broke out. Cold war is the conflict about economic, political and ideology between the USA and the USSR. These countries made this world separated, especially within European countries, into two with super enormous power. In this essay, brief introduction of cold war and the most effective factor to contribute to the end of war will be analysed. When it comes back to the beginning of cold war, in 1946, the barrier which called Iron wallRead MoreRonald Reagan Prolonged The Cold War Essay1539 Words   |  7 Pagesfactor which played a part in ending the Cold War was the internal unrest of the Soviet Union. Also the ever changing system we know now as International Relations had a role in the conclusion of this time period. I will additionally argue the antithesis of the question and explain how Ronald Reagan prolonged the Cold War. Response: During the Second World War, USA and the Soviet Union came together against a common enemy. It was the immediate events after the War which lead to renewed tensions betweenRead MoreIn Elaine Taylor May’S Article, Security Against Democracy:1684 Words   |  7 PagesIn Elaine Taylor May’s article, Security against Democracy: The Legacy of the Cold War at Home, written in 2011, she argued that people were willing to forgo personal freedoms for national security. She provided the example of during the nuclear age of the cold war; Americans were more interested in protection rather than concern for the common good. However, as the cold war continued and domestic issues formed, the tight knit social order that was created in the early years was falling apartRead MoreThe Cold War On The World1695 Words   |  7 PagesThe Cold War had a major effect on the world that is still felt today in the 21st century. The Cold War (1945-1991) was a time of conflict between the weste rn democracies and the communist governments of the world. Jimmy Carter once said â€Å"When I was in the White House, I was confronted with the challenge of the Cold War. Both the Soviet Union and I had 30,000 nuclear weapons that could destroy the entire earth and I had to maintain the peace.† Though no direct conflict ensued with the United StatesRead MoreThe War Of The Cold War1636 Words   |  7 PagesThe U.S. learned greatly after having been declared the victor of the Cold War. Retired four-star U.S. Army general Colin Powell said, â€Å"The long bitter years of the Cold War are over. America and her allies have won; totally, decisively, and overwhelmingly† (Reed 343). The Cold War started after World War II in 1947 and ended in 1991. The U.S. underwent a political war with the Soviet Union in hopes of advancing more rapidly in certain fields, such as nuclear weapons and space crafts. Avoiding nuclearRead MoreThe War Of The Cold War961 Words   |  4 Pagesye ar of the Cold War. The development of cold war just started after the end of world War ||. The cold war was the result of conflict between two powerful country Soviet Union and United State. The war was regarding to the lead the world after the World War ||. The Soviet Union wanted to emerge its power to the world and so do the United States too. The research paper mainly focused on various reasons of opposition of two great power of the world Soviets and United States of America. The end of the coldRead MoreCauses Of The Cold War1716 Words   |  7 PagesThe Cold War, a conflict between the United States and Soviet Union, the two global superpowers at the time. Given the name â€Å"Cold War† only for the fact that neither the Soviet Union nor the United States fought directly with one another, instead the war was waged through allies in the form of proxy wars and through increased use of intensive espionage, a never-ending arms race, immense technological competition and o n a political forefront as both sides tried to gain the upper hand. The Cold WarRead MoreEffects Of The Cold War On The World1572 Words   |  7 PagesNguyen The Cold War was a time of conflict that occurred somewhere around 1945 and 1990 although some International scholars held the thought that the Cold War began in 1917 Russian disclosure in any case, it was between the USA and its allies mostly the Western nations and the Eastern coalition led by the USSR however, the two forces did not battle or utilized weapons against one another, it was battled through Nuclear Arms race, intermediary wars, ideological impact and propaganda war and in this

Analysis Of Mark Bowden s Black Hawk Down - 1651 Words

B.H.D. in the M.U.S.D. â€Å"A vivid, immediate, and unsparing narrative that is filled with blood and noise† (Yardley). Mark Bowden’s Black Hawk Down is amongst the most profane, gory, and explicit military pieces in history. Why should the Morongo Unified School District’s approval even be up for consideration? October 3, 1993, the Battle of Mogadishu stamped itself in American history. The intense battle between American and Somali soldiers resulted in the death of eighteen American men, as well as the severe injury of seventy and counting. Exposing students within the M.U.S.D. allows for students to learn from first hand experiences, as well as apply the book’s lessons to their own lives. Approval from the Morongo Unified School District†¦show more content†¦Somalian militia† (Anderson). By including all first-hand experiences Bowden gives students in the M.U.S.D. direct sources to help lean their decision of whether to join the military . As Morongo Unified School District students can learn about the logistics of military life, social understandings are also taught from Black Hawk Down. As proper education is essential to succeed in life, so is the adaption to social apprehension. Students within the M.U.S.D. are almost destined to have relation to someone active in military involvement. The reading of B.H.D. gives and understanding of what people in the military do for our country. â€Å"Americans watched on television an angry mob drag the body of a dead U.S. soldier through the streets of Mogadishu† (Matray). Having personal ties with soldiers active in battle allows M.U.S.D. students to connect to the intensity of the event in Black Hawk Down. Bowden’s book covers the primary importance to stay humble. Arrogance is a key to failure. As seen in B.H.D., â€Å"the over-confidence of the Americans ultimately led to more casualties† (Anderson). One must â€Å"count the cost† before going into battle with an arrogant and confident mind. Examination of all perspectives in all situations is another essential factor to success. With Bowden’s fluent change of perspective throughout the book, students

Illegal Immigrants Should NOT be Deported Essay example

Did you know that there is an estamated 3.1 million american children with at least one parent who is illigally in the united states? Illegal immigration has always been a problem in the U.S dating all the way back to 1875. In 1882 president Chester A. Aurthor was the first president to bann all chinese workers. Soon after, the criminals and the mentally ill were refused from theU.S. Immigration wasnt always a problem before this. In 1892 the first portal oft immigration opened up in Ellis Island, New York. This was the premier station for immigration. Here new arrivals had to show identity and were asked a series of questions. After all this the immigrants were scanned for physical ailments and they had to have a friend or family†¦show more content†¦This was called the Bracero Program. In 1964 this program came to an end because complaints of unions and mexican-american that these forieners were taking their jobs ( history of immigration in u.s). Immigration laws have resu lted into leading immigrants to live and work in the U.S but some laws need to be made to legalize those who meet certain criteria. In the past immigration laws and immigration itself has had some flaws but really is a good thing for the U.S. First off the agriculture rise that has happened over the years. Immigrants help the agricultural rise because most immigrants when they migrate look only towards the agriculture work which includes field work and stock animal work. These immigrants are needed for our everyday agricultural needs. According to (Ed Studdord) if all Illegal immigrants were to go back tomorrow to wherever they came from everything we know that is agriculture will collapse instantly. The biggest pro of immigration in history is the low wage workers. These low wage workers in the past till now have helped balance the economy a lil more. Now 52 of every 100 migrant workers have illegal status and yet they are hardworking. What are the pros of hard working immigrants? According to The Future of Children immigrant familes have a lot of strengths. First off the dedication that immigrant parents have to feed their families is phenominal. Also immigrants are healthy. The work ethicShow MoreRelatedBorder Children And Un Interventions3180 Words   |  13 Pagesback to the history and generate new insights regarding to the race, culture and social status of the Chicana/o groups in the United States. In researching this issue, many questions came to mind. What cause this tension? What role should NGO and UN play? Should the U.S. accept tens and thousands of children for asylum? Moreover, how should the children be deemed as, Refugee or immigrants? For this paper, I will mainly focus on cause of the situation and identify different actions taken by the UnitedRead MoreIllegal Aliens and Birthright Citizenship4368 Words   |  18 PagesIllegal Aliens and Birthright Citizenship The United States Constitution is the supreme law of our great country. Found in our Constitution, is the fourteenth amendment. But, did the authors of the Fourteenth Amendment want or not want to grant citizenship to every person who happened to be born on U.S. soil? And does subject to the jurisdiction mean something different from born in the United States,? First, let’s see exactly what the fourteenth amendment states: â€Å"All persons born or naturalizedRead MoreImmigration to the United States8027 Words   |  33 Pagesrefugee quotas to 270,000 †¢ 1986 - Immigration Reform and Control Act granted lawful permanent residency to over 2.7 million undocumented immigrants †¢ 1990 - Immigration Act established categories of employment and placed cap of number of non-immigrant workers †¢ 1996 - Illegal Immigration Reform and Immigrant Responsibility Act - imposed strict penalties against illegal immigration and expanded definition of deportable offenses †¢ 2001-Green Card Through the Legal Immigration Family Equity (LIFE) Act †¢Read MoreAliens : An Alien Who Arrives At The Nation s Borders7568 Words   |  31 Pagesinterview. Aliens may receive additional hearings if they can demonstrate changed circumstances, under 8 C.F.R. 1003.19(e). The questions presented are: 1. Whether mandatory detention of aliens under 8 U.S.C 1225(b) raises constitutional concerns and should be construed to afford bond hearings, with the possibility of release if an alien has been detained for more than six months? 2. Whether an alien before being subjected to mandatory detention is constitutionally guaranteed a bond hearing? II. IntroductionRead MoreOne Significant Change That Has Occurred in the World Between 1900 and 2005. Explain the Impact This Change Has Made on Our Lives and Why It Is an Important Change.163893 Words   |  656 PagesSolidarity Remembered Janis Appier, Policing Women: The Sexual Politics of Law Enforcement and the LAPD Allen Hunter, ed., Rethinking the Cold War Eric Foner, ed., The New American History. Revised and Expanded Edition E SSAYS ON _ T WENTIETH- C ENTURY H ISTORY Edited by Michael Adas for the American Historical Association TEMPLE UNIVERSITY PRESS PHILADELPHIA Temple University Press 1601 North Broad Street Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122 www.temple.edu/tempress Read MoreRastafarian79520 Words   |  319 Pageswithout the prior permission in writing of Oxford University Press, or as expressly permitted by law, or under terms agreed with the appropriate reprographics rights organization. Enquiries concerning reproduction outside the scope of the above should be sent to the Rights Department, Oxford University Press, at the address above You must not circulate this book in any other binding or cover and you must impose this same condition on any acquirer Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication

Pharmaceutical Medicine

Question: Describe about the Pharmaceutical Medicine? Answer: Introduction: The medicine is required for treating any patients suffering from illness and improving their health quality. The medicines are developed after thorough research by the physician or others with a view that medicines can be circulated to large areas and people can avail it for better health structure. This is a methodology to find out a solution of an illness by inventing new chemical moiety. Drug is a chemical substance which exert effects when binds with the receptor. Medicine is a chemical substance which binds with receptors and relieved humans from there changing physico-chemical conditions. The particular study will be focusing on having clear understanding of pharmaceutical medicine and its aims. Further, the study will concentrate on drug discovery process. Pharmaceutical Medicine Pharmaceutical medicine is regarded as a medical scientific discipline which is involved in the discovery, development, evaluation and registration of medicines. On the other hand, it is also concerned with the monitoring and medical facets of marketing of drugs and medicine for the improvement in the health of patients or community health. Moreover, development of a new medicine and making the medicines available for the patients or public is an international endeavour. Further, it has been discussed that careers in the field of pharmaceutical medicine comprises three major groups of professionals such as: The people that are working in pharmaceutical industries People that are working in independent research organisations and are dedicated towards the development of new drugs or medicines. The people that has an appointments within the regulatory agencies of medicine. Aim of Pharmaceutical Medicine Improving the health condition of the people is prime duty of the medical professionals or physician. Therefore, the major aim of the Pharmaceutical Medicine is to discover, develop, evaluate, analyse and monitor so that effective medicine can be developed and supplied to the people. Integrated Drug Discovery and Development Integrated Drug Discovery and Development is a broad spectrum which concentrates on effective medicine development so that health status of the people can be enhanced and the developed medicine can target the specific disease and eliminate it. Therefore, drug discovery and development requires thorough research and study so that the medicines can provide long term benefit. Thus, the following requirements are needed for integrated drug discovery and development: Critical Chemical or structural research comprises exploration of genetic basis of syndrome or microstructure of an enzyme site or a receptor. Moreover, it is concerned in the development of tailored molecules so that potential therapeutic outcomes or specific interactions can be provided. Further, the research and development of preclinical engaged in studying the causes behind the diseases and also the value of the new therapeutic agents and potential safety by implementing biological system involving animal model. In the next part, humans are used for the purpose of clinical development. Therefore, in such case both type of humans are involved a healthy one and a person having disease in order to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of new drug. On the other hand, the regulatory and societal development makes sure that whole development of the new drug matches with the need in order to meet with the requirements of government. Moreover, the development ensures that suitable value added elements over and above the normal figure of safety and effectives are incorporated into the database of the product. The elements can comprise cost benefit, life quality, relative competitive positioning and evidence based medicine. Lastly, the approval of post market medical affairs include the promotion of every product by adopting functions of marketing and sales and effective monitoring of process by pharmaceutical physicians. Methods of Drug Development: The total Drug Development Process is divided into some phases stated below. Target Selection This is a process where the ailment has been identified and then a replica has been developed. Investigator first chooses a target which may be a particular enzyme or a receptor or an ion channel which is suitable to treat the disease. Target Validation In this phase the importance of the new moiety has been established for that particular illness. Lead Selection This is a stage where the thousand of chemical moieties are undergoes High Throughput Screening (HTS). From thousand of options the best receptor specific molecules are selected. HTS is a 40 years old lead selection instrument. Its having highly assessment power which easily judged the binding and non binding capacity of a lead. Ultimately the leads have been sorted out and they are known as Hits. HTS helps to estimate the chemical, biological and physical properties of the Hits. Drug Optimization Hits are chemically customized and the best suitable options are then pharmacologically distinguished. This helps to find the chemical moiety with appropriate pharmacodynamic as well as pharmacokinetic property. Pre Clinical testing This is an assay procedure where biochemicals as well as pharmacological parameters are checked. Both in vitro (outside the living being) and in vivo (Inside the living being) methods are used to assay the leads and which will leads to find out the proper chemical moiety. Toxic effects and adverse drug reaction is also measured in this phase because this is the last phase of a drug development before trying in human beings. Clinical Trials This is a phase where the drugs are given to the human beings and measure the safety and efficacy profile of the newer drugs. Evaluation of the potentiality of the newer drug in humans has been made through clinical trials. The total procedure has been conducted in 4 phases and now another phase (Phase 0) has been added. Every phase has their own significance and own outcomes. Depending upon the outcomes of the phases a drug or medicine has been approved by FDA (Food and Drug Administration). Phases of Clinical Trials: There are mainly 4 phases and now a days another phase has been added. The Phases are respectively Phase 0, Phase 1, Phase 2, Phase 3 and Phase 4. In Phase 0, subjects should be 10 to 15 and a single sub healing micro dosing has been given to the subjects to gather preliminary ADME data. Phase 1 is a preliminary pharmacological activity screening phase where 70% drugs get approval to go to the next stage. Number of subjects taken are 20 to 80 with a 3 to 6 months duration. Phase 2 is the starting phase to check efficiency of the molecule with therapeutic dose reaction factors. 100 to 300 Patients are taken and the duration of the phase is up to 1 year. Phase 3 this is the final phase of a drug before pharmaceutical marketing and this is the phase where adverse drug effects has been checked and monitored also compare with current remedies and all the documents has been submitted to FDA for approval. Only 20% to 25% drugs are approved for phase 4 trial. The s ubjects needed for phase 3 is 1000 to 5000and the duration is for 1 to 5 years. Phase 4 is a post promotion phase where the effectiveness and ADR in general population has been observed and any kind of serious ADR leads to Drug Withdrawal from the market. Core works of Clinical Trials: The main works of this trials are engage individual subjects and creates a organize group to conduct studies. Maintain the time is very important with proper monitoring on side effects of the chemical entity. Evaluation of the technical data is very important. Also the preparation of documents based on the guidelines of ethical committee is very important for approval. Conclusion of the Study: From the whole study, it can be concluded that the study revolved around the pharmaceutical medicine. The pharmaceutical medicine has been explained and its purpose has been mentioned which is useful in developing a new drugs or medicine. Therefore, it helps in providing large benefit to the patients or to the public health. Furthermore, the integrated drug discovery and development has been outlined which explains the different required which needed for drug or medicine development. This is the study which helps to conclude that the newer chemical entity is ethically sounded and this will help humans to get rid of from a disease. References 1. Mumper R, Smith C, O'Donnell J. The Process of New Drug Discovery and Development, 2nd Edition. Drug Development and Industrial Pharmacy. 2008;34(11):1267-1267.2. Physico-Chemical Methods in Drug Discovery and Development. Chemistry International -- Newsmagazine for IUPAC. 2012;34(3).3. Lin B, Pease J. A Novel Method for High Throughput Lipophilicity Determination by Microscale Shake Flask and Liquid Chromatography Tandem Mass Spectrometry. Combinatorial Chemistry High Throughput Screening. 2013;16(10):817-825.4. Developing new drugs. Veterinary Record. 2014;174(20):488-488.5. Scheele. AMT: Preclinical pharmacology studies. International Journal of Oncology. 2009;.6. Chakraborty S, Yadav L, Aggarwal D. Prediction of in vivo drug performance using in vitro dissolution coupled with STELLA: a study with selected drug products. Drug Development and Industrial Pharmacy. 2014;:1-7.7. Sedgwick P. Phases of clinical trials. BMJ. 2011;343(sep28 1):d6068-d6068.8. Williamson P, Altman D, Bl azeby J, Clarke M, Devane D, Gargon E et al. Developing core outcome sets for clinical trials: issues to consider. Trials. 2012;13(1):132.9. RASMUSSEN L, GISVOLD S, WISBORG T. Ethics Committee approval for observational studies. Acta Anaesthesiologica Scandinavica. 2014;58(9):1047-1048.

Lord Of Flies By William Golding Essay free essay sample

, Research Paper Imagine that you are in charge of puting up a civilisation. What would be the first thing that you did? Many people might take to put up a system of regulations and ordinances to better command the manner the civilisation acted and regulated it. After all, a civilisation can non turn and thrive without regulations. The civilisation would decease because no nutrient would be gathered and no 1 would work for anything. In Lord of the Flies, William Golding had the male childs do precisely this. To typify the regulations and ordinances in the male childs? new society Golding picked a symbol of the conch. By making this he assigned the conch the duty of stand foring the regulations and order in the male childs island life. The conch symbolized the rise and autumn of order and regulations in a civilisation. When the United States of America were created, one of the first things that the establishing male parents did was to compose the Constitution. Every citizen of the USA, so and now, respects the regulations and ordinances outlined by this papers. This is one of the chief grounds why our state is so successful, because no 1 disrespects and inquiries the footing of our society, the Constitution ( regulations and order ) . In Iraq, nevertheless, there is a wholly different state of affairs. There, they have a leader ( Saddam Hussein ) who misuses the regulations. He disrespects the regulations and order of Iraq and uses them for his ain propaganda. When people of a state, particularly the leader of a state, discourtesy and misapply the regulations, it can hold an inauspicious consequence on the well being of that state. The worst thing that can go on for jurisprudence and order in a society is when people wholly disrespect them. This is similar to when Pinochet overthrew the Chilean authorities. He banned any opposing positions and besides restricted the freedom of the imperativeness. A period of anarchy ensued and common indi vidual in Chile was really severely hurt. In Lord of the Flies, William Golding uses the conch as an fable to jurisprudence and order in a society. Once people stopped esteeming the power of the conch, the male childs? civilisation was destroyed. Law and order in a society depend on the citizens of that society? s regard for the regulations. When the male childs reached the island, the conch helped to organize the regulations of a society and the assemblies helped to acquire the civilisation started the right manner. The conch gave Ralph the power to name an assembly. Whenever he felt a demand to turn to the regulations of the society or to contemn the male childs for the deficiency of work moral principle he called an assembly to convey all of the male childs together. At the assembly, merely the one keeping the conch is allowed to talk. ? That? s what the shell? s called. I? ll give the conch to the following individual to talk. He can keep it when he? s speaking. ? ( 33 ) This is an tremendous privilege because it allows the holder of the conch to portion his thoughts to the remainder of the group. This is the avenue that Ralph takes to portion his thoughts of the deliverance fire, and besides gives Jack the duty to take the huntsmans ; giving him satisfaction is his power and besides maintaining him happy. This is th e lone manner a individual can derive power and the male childs know and respect that fact. When Ralph is elected, it is because non merely did he name the assembly, but he was besides keeping the conch at the clip of the election. ? Yet most strongly was the conch. ? ( 22 ) The male childs respect the conch. Just the idea of the aura of the conch demanded a monolithic sum of regard, merely like the regulations in a society. ? Ralph smiled and held up the conch for silence. ? ( 23 ) Everything is traveling wondrous for the male childs at this point in the narrative. They have a strong leader, nutrient, fire and strong set of regulations that everyone respects. When all the citizens stay in line the society of which those citizens belong can turn and thrive. When Jack does non listen to the conch, he is disrespecting the regulations and ordinances of the society. By making so, he is seeking to demo that the? Ralph manner? is the incorrect manner of carry oning the island and that his manner is better and, without cognizing it, brings about a downward spiral of jurisprudence and order. ? Conch! Conch! We wear? Ts need the conch any more. We know who ought to state things. What good did Simon make speech production, or Bill or Walter? It? s clip some people knew they? ve got to maintain quiet and leave make up ones minding T hings to the remainder of us. ( 101-2 ) ? He begins a rebellion against the regulations and order of a society. He besides tries to restrict the power of other people besides the leaders. When you take the power of speech production, or the voice, off from the common individual than you become less of a democracy and more of a absolutism. Jack is disrespecting the regulations, which clearly province that merely the individual that has the conch may talk. In a democratic society, there are two ways to derive power over the people ; taking it violently or holding the citizens wilfully give it up. Once the old regulations seem less of import, Jack is more likely to win in making this. The weaker aura and power of the regulations that came with Jack? s mini-revolt laid done the foundation for a all-out power battle that hurt the male childs? society. The society of the male childs can non thrive with the great split between Jack and Ralph. The aura of the conch is gone and there is reall y small to keep the male childs back from lawlessness. When a society no longer respects the regulations and ordinances of a society, there is no manner that it can last. Jack besides used the conch, or the regulations, to his ain propaganda ideals. Jack took advantage of the conch to advance himself and take power off from Ralph. ? And the following thing is that Ralph said my huntsmans are no good. ? ( 126 ) He is seeking to acquire a major portion of the group, the huntsmans, to believe that Ralph, as the leader, does non esteem them and their part to the society. Once Jack misuses the conch, it looses some of the prestigiousness. If everyone can name an assembly, than why would the male childs respect Ralph, who antecedently was the lone individual with the power to make this. The conch is fring power among the male childs merely as the regulations would free power one time such a great split is developed between powerful people. When this happens, people don? T know whom to tur n to. Without the regulations and order to steer them, the male childs are lost on the island. Because of Jack? s gross discrediting of the regulations, the male childs? island society can neer once more reach the highs it did during the period of clip where the regulations meant something. Piggy? s decease is really symbolic because it represents the devastation of the conch and the terminal to all of the regulations and ordinances in the male child? s society. Roger kills Piggy really brutally, which goes against about any set of regulations of all time made. He throws a bowlder at him. This barbarous decease is besides the decease of the conch shell and typify how Roger, Jack and the remainder of the huntsmans hold an unbelievable neglect for the regulations and order of Ralph? s society. ? The conch exploded into a 1000 white fragments and ceased to exist. ? ( 181 ) Not merely where the regulations, or the conch, destroyed, but they? ceased to exist. ? Once the conch is destroyed, Jack? s kin has complete control. In the existent universe, when lawlessness reigns the military is normally who takes over. Once it does so, it has complete control over the people and can pull strings them to its advantage. There is besides cipher to maintain them in line. William Goldin g portrays this new anarchic society best when he talks about the male child being tortured. ? He didn? Ts say ( why ) . He got angry and made us bind Wilford up. ? ( 159 ) Now that there are no regulations, Jack takes full advantage of the state of affairs and dainties people the manner he wanted to from the beginning. Once the conch is destroyed, the regulations? cease to be, ? when this happens the small people, such as Wilford are hurt and the civilisation can non perchance win. The rise and autumn of the conch symbolized the rise and autumn of a system of regulations, ordinances and order in a society and besides was an fable for many historical events. Whether the conch was stand foring the authorship of the fundamental law, or the beginnings of a successful society ; Saddam Hussein? s selfish usage of propaganda ; or a military putsch and province of lawlessness that followed in Chile, it provided a parallel universe demoing how of import the regulations and ordinances are to a successful society. In each state of affairs there is a direct correlativity between the sum the citizens respected the regulations and how successful the state was. The Lord of the Flies shows how of import the peoples? regard for the regulations is. Without it, no society can thrive because jurisprudence and order depend on regard for the regulations.

Institutionalized Racism from John Brown Raid to Jim Crow Laws

Discussion Institutionalized racism was powerful in the history of the US for many reasons. This concept was a norm in the US society. Norms are widely agreed practices, procedures or customs. Institutionalised racism is not a pattern that is viewed unusual. Racial stratification continues to be maintained in the US. American society is arranged into classes. The country uses race as one of the means uses race ideology to stratify. This paper provides a historical account of institutionalized racism in the United States from the 1850s through the civil war up to the repeal of Jim Crow laws (Loewen 18). It discusses: Institutionalized racism through to Jim Crow; institutionalized racism through White Supremacy enforced by government; and racial segregation and Civil rights Movement.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Institutionalized Racism from John Brown Raid to Jim Crow Laws specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Insti tutionalized Racism through Jim Crow Laws In 1850s, treaties were established to annex Native Americans lands for settlement of white Americans. White Americans from the East were encouraged by government to settle in these lands. As a result, great influx of settlers and migrant workers in these lands was witnessed. At the start of this period, slavery was institutionally legal. However, the end of Civil War in 1865 was followed by emancipation of slaves proclamation same period. New state governments were quickly established in the South after Civil War. These governments moved fast in 1865-66 to enact â€Å"black codes† legislation which ensured that whites continued to enjoy special preferences and accommodation (Loewen 16). These laws were however negated by the passing of the 14th Amendment in 1868 and the 15th Amendment in 1870. The 14th Amendment accorded slaves with citizenship, whereas 15th Amendment outlawed discrimination in terms of race (Better 20). The Southern states managed to enact Jim Crow laws in 1877 to segregate and disenfranchise the blacks. These laws denied African Americans voting rights, a situation that went on until 1965 when Voting Rights Act was enacted. Jim Crow laws entrenched segregation of blacks. Governments in the South used violence and terror to enforce segregation in the early part of the century. The period 1890 and 1920 saw lynching of many black Americans in the South. Institutionalized Racism through White Supremacy Enforced by government (1900-1944) All white Americans assumed and universally acknowledged white supremacy over black people during 1900-1944 periods. The scientific perspectives of the 19th and 20th advocated for the supremacy of white race (Loewen 98). American leadership at this period absorbed white supremacy into laws and institutions. They also incorporated this supremacy in daily interactions of white and black people. Even the decisions of the high court at the turn of the century attested and encouraged this white superiority attitude. The issue of race was entrenched in American national character in terms of cultural, social and moral underpinnings (Better 16). The race factor was functional in the US during the period 1900-44. Anybody with white skin was seen superior to anybody with dark or black skin due to the race construct. Whites were offered power, privileges, and immunity determined solely by skin colour.Advertising Looking for essay on ethnicity studies? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The American government recognized, preserved and enforced racial differences in her systems. Contravention or violation of white supremacy during this period was responded with jail, assault, mutilation or death. The law that governed America fully advocated for racial exclusion (Better 16). Racial Segregation and Civil rights Movement (1944-70) The period 1944-1970 witnessed close of World War II and the beginning of cold war. Vietnam War and policing of Korean Peninsula characterized American defense for democracy against communist supremacy. Segregation was rampant during this period. War veterans from the black community who had risked their lives for the sake of the nation began to agitate for equality (Loewen 98). It is then that civil rights efforts started to take root and brutality was used over time to stop these efforts. Multiple murders of prominent leaders, activists and children were committed at the time. Out of frustration, blacks lashed out violent riots to counter the situation. Institutionalized racism was figured out in these pertinent events in this period: separation of blood donations from blacks and whites by the Red Cross in 1940s; 1942-46 internment of Japanese citizens in America; black protests in Detroit against poor housing conditions and segregation of black defence forces in 1943; office end of segregation in the military by President Truman in 1948; unconstitut ional declaration of the doctrine of separation (Brown vs. Board of Education) by Supreme Court in 1954; 1955 marked start of bus boycotts in Montgomery; passage of 1964 Civil Rights Act; and others (Loevy 1987). Conclusion In sum, institutionalized racism provides good example of policies, procedure and practices. These policies enhance inequality by using race as a constraint to full participation in American society. For instance, distribution of housing in the US throughout her history has been crucial in maintaining inequalities in racial groups. Native Americans were not allowed to live near European settlements. Work Cited Better, Shirley. Institutionalized Racism. New York: Bowman Littlefield Publishers, 2008. Loevy, Roberts. The Civil Rights Act of 1964. New York: Wiley Sons, 1987.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Institutionalized Racism from John Brown Raid to Jim Crow Laws specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Loewen, James. Lies My Teacher Told Me. New York: Bowman Littlefield, 2008. This essay on Institutionalized Racism from John Brown Raid to Jim Crow Laws was written and submitted by user Joey Acosta to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Sample Essay on New Years Resolutions

Sample Essay on New Year's ResolutionsA sample essay on New Year's Resolutions is a good way to get started when writing an essay for your New Year's Resolutions essay. It is very simple and anyone can write it. There are few things you need to keep in mind if you want to write a good essay on New Year's Resolutions. To write a good essay, you need to know these things to make your essay a success.You should keep the reasons you have for doing the resolutions in one paragraph. When you look at the reasons in one paragraph, it makes the reasons easy to understand. The purpose of the resolutions is to do something about it. To achieve the purpose, you must have reasons why you want to do it.You should include 3 of the ways in the reasons. These ways should explain the problems you are facing. You need to find a way to solve these problems by means of your resolutions.You should include your achievements from the resolutions in the last paragraph. These achievements should show how you were able to accomplish the resolutions. This is important because the resolution should be made by you.You should include the future that you see for yourself, your children and your family from the resolutions. You can explain why you see the resolutions as your life's goal. You should include the information about the resolutions to give the audience a realistic idea of what is in store for them. If you do not include the real information then the readers will think you are making excuses to justify your lack of motivation.You should list down all the problems that you want to change and list down the ways in which you will change them. All the list need to be in one paragraph. If you do not list them in one paragraph then they will not be understood.The last part of the essay is about the positive points of the resolutions. If you do not focus on the positive points then they will appear as excuses. The only things you need to focus on are the positive points of the resolutions and to convince the reader that what you have written is the truth.It is easy to get samples of essays on resolutions. There are many samples available online. You can download these samples from the internet and then edit them yourself. You can even use them as a template for other essays.

Life Cycle of a Flowering Plant essays

Life Cycle of a Flowering Plant essays Almost all flowering plants are known as 'Angiosperms', which means plants whose seed production comes from flowering. Seeds are packaged within a fruit to be transported away from parent plant. Angiosperms are vascular plants containing xylem and phloem in bundled Plant cells, unlike animals they have multicellular haploid and multicellular diploid stages in there cycle. By the process of meiosis, diploid sporophyte cells produce haploid spores. Each haploid spore undergoes mitotic division creating multicellular haploid gametophyte. Gametes are the by-product of multicellular haploid gametophyte by process of mitosis. However gametes are not the direct result of mitotic division. Diploid sporophyte is the creation of two gametes fusing together. During fertilization, multicellular haploid cells change to multicellular Meiosis is the process of cell division (reproduction). Process of meiosis a cell undergoes two divisions. A cell divides to produce two cells each new cell holds DNA, the two new cells then divide again. It is not concerned about creating a working cell. Cells genetics are shuffled during meiosis, therefore the first division of cells do not have equal quantity of chromosomes, and it is in the second division of cells that chromosomes are divided equally in the new cells. There are two stages to meiosis. First stage of meiosis is like mitosis, where a cell divides into two both containing equal measures of DNA. Where in mitosis cells share equal DNA, meiosis a crossing-over is when the cells DNA exchange genes. These genes get mixed up producing the opposite perfect duplicate cells like mitosis. Second stage of meiosis DNA that remains in the cell condenses to form short chromosomes. All pairs of chromosome have a centromere. Centrioles begin at opposite sides of the cell. In metaphase ll, all chromosomes are lined in the middle of the cell and the centrioles are...

African Americans and the Military

Even before the United States was listed as a country, African Americans already served in the army. From small villagers' militiamen to military and seamen, African Americans strengthened their efforts to defend and eventually acquired their freedom. The struggle for unifying and recognizing black soldiers is a slow job. According to President Harry S 's presidential decree in 1948, until the end of the Second World War, the US forces were completely legally unified. The African American first joined the army on June 1, 1942. More than 2.5 million African-American men were enrolled in military drafts and African-American women volunteered to serve during the war. During the war, the admission rate of African Americans reached the highest ever in history, and the number of people serving in the army exceeded one million people. However, the US military is still seriously isolated. Air Force and Marines did not hire African Americans, and the Navy accepted African Americans as chef an d waiter. The army has only five African American officials. In addition, during the war, no African Americans receive the Medal of Honor, their mission in the war is mainly reserved for noncombat troops. During the Civil War, African Americans played an important role in EFF. More than 200,000 African Americans, equivalent to 10% of all troops, work for allied forces. 37,000 people died in the fight for the league. Most are slaves serving in isolation forces of the Caucasian officer. African-American soldiers do not have the same rights as Caucasians. Caucasian soldiers are $ 13.00 per month and clothing allowance is $ 3.00, but African-American soldiers earn 10 dollars per month and deduct $ 3.00 from clothing income. However, on June 15, 1864, African-American soldiers received equal pay. African Americans were very suspicious at the beginning of the civil war. Alliance Navy accepted African-American volunteers. Frederick Douglas believes that if African Americans fight them, the y will help African Americans have the right of equality. At what age many children have helped them in civil war. Because of the African-Americans' disadvantage, black units are not used in battle like the past. However, African Americans have fought in countless fights. African Americans are fighting bravely. As the alliance needed a soldier, the North leader saw another reason for African Americans to participate in the civil war. Congress said loudly they wanted to recruit them because they think they might have more soldiers

Congestive Heart Failure Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Congestive Heart Failure - Research Paper Example In some cases, patients with heart failure may need implantation of mechanical devices, such as pacemakers and cardioverter defibrillators or ICDs (Saxon et al, 2009). This paper will discuss the different pharmacological treatments and procedural interventions for the treatment of congestive heart failure. Risks and complications associated with each approach will likewise be discussed. What is Congestive Heart Failure? Congestive heart failure is a disorder that causes pulmonary vascular obstruction and decreased cardiac input. In layman’s terms, it is a condition in which the heart cannot pump sufficient oxygenated blood to meet the needs of the other organs of the body. CHF causes pumping malfunctions of the heart in either the left or right side. In some cases, both sides are impaired. Malfunction of the heart’s pumping ability may cause blood to collect in areas of the body, such as the lungs, liver, kidneys, gastrointestinal tract, arms and legs, causing oxygen a nd nutrition losses. These losses decrease the organs’ capacity to work efficiently (Berger, 2009). ... weaken the heart are anemia, hemorrhage, diabetes, hyperthyroidism, kidney or liver failure, longstanding alcoholism and drug abuse, mainly cocaine and amphetamines. Severe vitamin deficiencies could rarely cause a heart weakening (Soufer, 1992). Modifications in Behavior and Lifestyle The most important approach to the treatment of CHF is a change in the behavior and lifestyle of the patient. Regular exercise could be helpful in the maintenance of overall bodily functions, quality of life, and survival. Further vital precautionary steps include the following: maintaining a normal blood pressure, smoking restrictions, moderation in alcohol intake, and abstinence from cocaine and other prohibited drugs; cautious diet; weight control and low Sodium diet (Soufer, 1992). Pharmacological Treatment and Possible Side Effects Pharmacological treatments are aimed at stopping the progression of the disease, thus, diminishing symptoms and complications, and preventing hospital admissions and mo rtality. Several treatments have been effective in reducing some or all of these, however, each approach has possible side effects, hence, cautious observation is necessary to capitalize on benefits and lessen unpleasant consequences (Management of Chronic Heart Failure, 2007). Diuretics, also called â€Å"water pills,† facilitate easy pumping of the heart because they reduce the water and sodium in the body. Removal of excess fluid likewise lowers blood pressure since there is less blood volume for the heart to pump, and there is minimal force used by the blood vessels. Excess fluid reduction lowers or gets rid of edema or swelling in the ankles, feet or abdomen (Management of Chronic Heart Failure, 2007). Several diuretics cause potassium loss. Potassium, an essential body component that

Consumer Behaviour Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Consumer Behaviour - Essay Example While the youth and children are the primary decision makers on certain categories of products, among the adults the decision rests with the one who contributes the maximum towards household expenses. Based on these factors Starbucks is advised to cater to the discerning consumers products and service that would make them feel distinguished. Table of Contents 1. Introduction 1 2. Motivation & Benefit 2.1 Theory of Planned Behavior 1 2.2 Self-identity 1 2.3 Uniqueness Theory 2 2.4 Scarcity and attractiveness 3 2.5 Organic coffee and its impact 3 2.5 Customer preferences 4 2.6 Physical environment 4 2.7 Recommendations for Starbucks 5 3. Family Life Cycle and Family Decision-Making 5 3.1 Family Life Cycle 5 3.2 Stages in FLC and choices 7 3.3 Family decision-making 8 References 10 1. Introduction Starbucks is an upscale, recognized coffee brand enjoying competitive advantage. They have 17,000 stores in 49 countries and their greatest strength is their strong brand image and a considera ble market share. The UK coffee market, according to a study by Mintel in 2010, is expected to grow and is forecast to be worth GBP976 Million by 2015 (PR Newswire, 2010). On an average adults consume about two cups of coffee per day and Starbucks has less than 1% of the global market share (Kotha & Glassman 2003). Competition being intense, Starbucks needs to understand the motivation and benefits that consumers seek. 2. Motivation & Benefit 2.1 Theory of Planned Behavior Consumer behavior is associated with idealized people and communicates information about consumers (Smith, Terry, Manstead, Louis, Kotterman & Wolfs, 2008). It communicates their personal values and their self-identity. The Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) suggests that behavioral decisions are not spontaneous but the result of a reasoned process in which behavior is influenced, even if indirectly, by attitudes, norms and perceptions of control over the behavior (Smith et al. 2008). The attitudes, norms and the pe rception of control over behavior influence behavior through their impact on behavioral intention. Food choices including the intention of consuming environmentally friendly products are all influenced by the TPB. 2.2 Self-identity People buy a product for the value they can deliver. The purpose, the product and the person interact to shape consumer behavior and any changes on any of these could impact consumer behavior (Ratneshwar, Shocker, Cotte and Srivastava (1999). How the product or service contributes to their self-identity and well being influences consumer behavior. The teenagers, for instance, like to be seen at trendy places. To them the social experience and the perceived brand value hold importance (Lockyer 2009). Self-identity is the extent to which the individual sees him- or herself as a typical consumer of a product, and may play a role in the context of the consumer (Smith et al. 2008). Self-identity, an important determinant of behavior, reflects the label people use to describe themselves. To boost their self identity consumers can consume food and also consume food at places that would help distinguish them. Self-identity predicts intentions to consume fair trade products and unique products. 2.3 Uniqueness Theory Food can either be consumed publicly or privately. Consumers like to experience goods and services that will distinguish them from others. Hence advertising should be unique in its appeal to the coffee consumers.

Racial Propaganda In The Third :: essays research papers fc

Racial Propaganda during the Third Reich   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  One of the most central ideals in Nazi ideology was that of a continual attack against other races deemed inferior by Adolf, more specifically Jews. Racial minorities were used as scapegoats with which the Nazis blamed for what was wrong with the country on. In the speeches to the masses at Nazi rallies, they would start off by bringing up all the problems that they have been having, the depression, the Versailles Treaty, and any other hardship that they had experienced, and make the Jews the architect behind their ruin. The speakers would focus all their anger on the Jewish people and other minorities. Hate and anger seem to be key points in Nazi ideology. To sustain the kind of anger the Nazis needed to sway the masses over to their side, they needed a common enemy, somebody or something that could be seen everyday. Jews were portrayed as extremists and revolutionaries. They were supposedly different from the average moderate Germans, and even more different than the Nazis. People like Hitler, Goebbels, and Julius Streicher played on this ignorance of other people to instill fear and loathing of the Jews. In general, people don’t like what they don’t understand. The Nazis exploited this truism by warping, retarding, and creating supposed grievances that the Jews were responsible. During the rallies, the speakers would rant and rave about how they would exact â€Å"vengeance against their eternal enemy, the Jew† (1), and how that â€Å"Europe will have defeated this threat only when the last Jew has left our part of the planet† (1). Hitler himself at the outbreak of â€Å"The German people will not be destroyed in this war, rather the Jew† (1). The Nazi leaders would spout out so-called scientific evidence that the only way to ensure the survival of the Aryan race is that of racial purity. Over and over through their speeches and pamphlets, they emphasized that: â€Å"The decline of a people’s culture is always the result of race mixing and a decline in racial quality. Any change in the racial makeup of a people leads to a change in its nature and its culture. If the race that gave a people its nature is debased by mixing with foreign and inferior races, the people’s culture will perish and can never again be restored to full life.† (1)   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The Nazis advocated a homogenous society where only the Aryan and Nordic races would exist, while driving out all the other â€Å"inferior† races to protect the purity of the races, even at the cost of genocide towards the Jews.

How Do Hindus View Suffering? Essay

Hinduism is an ancient religion and is a mixture of several different faiths. The religion includes the beliefs of the early inhabitants together with the beliefs of others from around the last three thousand years. Due to the diversities in the religion, it may seem that a number of Hindus may appear to be followers of a different religion – this is not so. The differing of beliefs can be seen in the view of suffering. It is one of the most vital concepts in Hindu philosophy. Suffering is â€Å"to undergo or be subjected to pain.†1 Pain does not just mean physical torture. It could mean anything from struggling to make ends meet, to being mentally unstable. Suffering may be internal, like physical pain, or external, resulting from the environment around. The three major religions that is Christianity, Judaism, Islam (known as the religions of the book) have their own teaching on what it means to suffer. The idea of suffering in the Christian tradition is particularly c onventional. The Old Testament book of Job depicts a righteous man who loses everything that he has, and in turn has inflicted upon him diseases. The view of suffering is found in the characters Zophar, Bildad, Eliphaz, who believe that the main reason Job is suffering in such a gruesome way is because of his actions. Job may have appeared to be a righteous man on the outside, but beneath, Job could have been a man whose heart was not fully pure, and therefore was being punished by God. Here the conventional Christian attitude is that suffering is a result of ones own actions. In The New Testament the belief is that suffering may not have been brought upon by the individual but by their parents or others around them. In Hinduism the attitude towards suffering is varied. An overall approach can be found in the four noble truths. Even though it is from the religion of the Buddhist, I feel that it can be applied to any religion that has to discuss the issue of suffering. The four noble truths are: – suffering exists. – there is a cause of suffering. – suffering can be stopped. – there is a way, the nob le eight-fold path. It is from this statement that I will base this assignment. It does not take much for one to realise what the world today is full of. Around us there is strife, consistent bloodshed, poverty, and millions of people in prolonged torment. â€Å"The universe is a chain of killing and being killed, of devouring and of being devoured. The whole (world) is just food and the eater of food.†2 When one stops to reflect on the situation, it is obvious that suffering in the world does exists – it is inevitable, the reason being , it is due to man and his greed. Suffering in the Hindu world can be seen within the caste system. In the Hindu tradition, its members are divide into for groups or castes. First is the Brahmans. They are considered to be the priestly or intellectual caste. Second are the Kshatriyas. They are referred to as the warrior and ruling caste. Third are the Vaisya. They are known as the commercial and agricultural caste. Fourth are the Sudras. They are understood to be the caste who labour. Suffering may not be experienced by the first three castes, but is experienced in the remaining caste. Such suffering includes not only physical and mental suffering, but, † legal, social, and religious disabilities.†3 The Hindus attitude towards the caste system, is that it represents the life a person lived in the past. This then leads us to discuss the belief in Karma (this will be discussed below). So whatever caste a person is born into, whether it be the priestly or even the labourers, it is no one else’s fault but the individuals. If one finds themselves within the lower castes they then know that the former life lived was not worthy, and so now faces the consequences, together with being given the chance to change. â€Å"It emphatically lays down that an individual’s rise or fall is the social scale in the next life depends entirely on the good or bad deeds which he performs in the present life.† 4 On this point the majority of all Hindus agree that suffering is inescapable in this world. When considering the first noble truth it is here that we find differing theories. One view is suffering can be seen as an illusion. â€Å"Like all empirical phenomena, like empirical existence itself, suffering is an illusion, a mirage.†5 Such a belief is accepted by the Upanishads. Suffering depicted in the scripture is not a real experience, it is unreal. It is unreal in the sense that although the physical body is affected the inner self is not. â€Å"The body may suffer but that the self which pervades it is not affected.†6 Suffering is seen then by the scripture as an illusion, it is not an actual experience. Then again it must be impossible to say that something is not there if one can actual feel and respond to it. The Upanishads realise that once a person is born into the world, they are automatically placed in an environment in which evil and suffering exists. Therefore because of all the influences surrounding them, the body will then gradually take on the forms of the world. Man becomes corrupt as he focuses on looking out for himself. The god Brahman is to be connected with the idea of suffering as an illusion. Everything that happens within this world is said to be the manifestation of Brahman. â€Å"I am the body, his mental attitude. I am the Brahman.†7 Man is not the owner of his body, everything from his outer being to the inner being is that of Brahman. If Brahman is then the controller of a person from the inward out, then whatever problems an individual is faced with should not really affect them. This is because it is the owner of the body, not them that has to deal with the problem, but Brahman. If one looks at the relationship between the Hindu and Brahman, it is possible to understand why suffering should be seen as an illusion, because really the person being affected is Brahman. The individual may feel that it is them that has to cope with the misfortunes that come to them. If they accept the fact that it is Brahman who is overseer of the body then there is no need to be aggrieved. On the other hand if they do not recognise that fact then of cause the suffering they are experiencing will be as â€Å"real as do the objects of the world.†8 â€Å"Suffering therefore, is only a problem so long as it appears to be a final and inescapable truth. But when it is realised that the self is not bound forever to the transient world of suffering, but rather that it is Brahman, then suffering can no longer occur.†9 If one was then to ask a Hindu the question ‘does suffering exist?’ the answer most likely to be heard is no – suffering is only a ‘fragment of the imagination.’ Just as there were varying views on whether suffering exists or not, there is also differing views as to what causes suffering. Like all other religions, some Hindus believe that the cause of suffering is the result of one’s actions known as karma. The Hindus attitude towards suffering is to be found in the doctrine of karma. If one can understand this doctrine clearly, then so to, the theme of suffering can be clearly understood. The doctrine basically states that every action of an individual will no doubt produce some results whether it be good or bad. The consequences of the actions will determine the life of an individual. For the individual to experience the results of his actions, another life experience is needed – hence the doctrine of reincarnation. The two doctrines can not be separated, it is impossible to talk of one without the other. In Christianity this doctrine is known as retribution. The actions committed in the past life can be depicted in the life t he individual leads in the next. â€Å"His past acts, for instance, determine the kind of body which he assumes, the family, society, and position in which he may be born.†10 For example if the actions of a past life was moral, then the following life would be a life of satisfaction. If on the other hand the actions were unjust, then, the individual would encounter a new life of hardship. Every action that an individual performs has a direct result or even a consequence. â€Å"An individual’s present position and suffering are a consequence of his own actions.†11 The basis for such a view is held in the Hindu belief in reincarnation. After death the soul is reborn in another form of life. The aim of reincarnation is to enable the individual to reach perfection so that they can be one with God. Such a cycle of birth, life, death and rebirth is known as samsara. If providing the past life of an individual was good then their soul would then automatically be with the Divine. If on the other hand the past life was bad then a chance is given to the individual to make up for the bad deeds done in their last life. Death then is viewed by the Hindus as something which is to be looked forward to – it is a step towards a new life in which one is given the chance to change. If one’s present life is full of nothing but suffering then in the next, life will be a vast improvement. Suffering in one life may then lead to an improved life. Suffering is then brought upon a person if they have done something in their life that has been corrupt. If one is to go around doing bad deeds, then the bad deeds will eventually take its toll on them, hence the suffering. Another cause for suffering is due to ones lack of faith and lack of devotion to the Divine. â€Å"The cause of the problem of suffering focuses on three characteristic fallings in the human condition, namely greed (labha), ignorance (avidya), and indifference (pramada).†12 The individual loses sight of the relationship held between Brahman, and instead possesses the desire for the tangible things of the world. It is as soon as the individual follows their mind and not their heart, does the experience of suffering take place. â€Å"Suffering arises only when one attaches himself to limited or transient objects as though they are permanent.†13 If one keeps their eyes focused on the Divine then everything will be more than satisfactory, but on the other hand if the eyes stray then the consequence will ultimately be suffering. Together with Christianity, Hindus view suffering in a positive note, that is, suffering can help strengthen the individual in their faith. In their time of need one would turn to the divine to find comfort and reassurance that everything wi ll be right in the end. Suffering is then seen as an experience that reinforce one’s faith. Another advantage of suffering is that it maybe an indication of better things to come in life. An individual can not expect to pass through life without having to come across difficulties, life would be ‘boring’ so to speak. Suffering in one’s life may lead to a better life in the next and so suffering should be appreciated. â€Å"Suffering is an experience, a part of the universe of being. It may be beneficial particularly if it is the foundation of better things.†14 There is a way out of suffering. Suffering is an experience which can easily be removed. â€Å"The Hindu view is that suffering is inevitable in this world and that the only way to deal with it is in fact to reject the world and seek release from it.†15 The solutions to suffering can be found in the doctrine of moksha. It is the doctrine where on can seek either liberation or release from the world fraught with corruption. The first way in which release can be brought about is by devoting oneself wholly to Brahman. This involves not only prayer but worship. Time needs to be taken out to focus on the almighty. Another way is through the way of action. This again brings to remembrance the doctrine of karma. By doing good deed the self becomes pure. By doing bad deeds then the self becomes corrupt. The final solution is said to be through yoga. It is through this physical exercise does one become united with Brahman. As discussed previously, one of the causes for suffering was due to man’s indulgence towards the material substances of the world. So if man disregards his lust for the world, then suffering itself will not be experienced. Man needs to be completely detached from the substances of the world and instead need to attach himself to the divine in order to prevent the occurrence of suffering. An additional way to solve the problem is if one is to take suffering as an illusion. â€Å"The way to alleviate suffering is precisely to realise indeed that it is nothing, at most it is a mere manifestation.†16 To conclude suffering in the religion is viewed in many terms. In my personal view suffering is part of life. Life would not be life if there was no such thing as suffering. I am not saying that suffering is nothing of importance, it is, when one is brought into a world surrounded by suffering, it becomes part of life, one has to learn to cope with it. In order to apprehend the concept in detail, one has to have an in-depth understanding of the various doctrines discussed above. It can be argued whether suffering exists or not, but what is clear is whatever the decision there is a way in which to prevent suffering. Essentially it is committing the mind body and soul to God. By doing this then the life being lived will no doubt be free from distress. Bibliography -Benjamin Walker, â€Å"Hindu World†, London vol. 2, 1968. -John Brockington, â€Å"Hinduism and Christianity†, Macmillan, 1992 -Arun Shourie, â€Å"Hinduism: Essence and Consequence†, Vikas New Delhi, 1970 -A.L Herman, â€Å"A Brief Introduction to Hinduism†, Oxford 1991 -J Bowker, â€Å"Problems of Suffering in Religions of the World†, London, 1975 -Richard Lannoy, â€Å"The Speaking Tree†, Oxford, 1971 -K.W Morgan, â€Å"The Religions of the Hindu World†, New York Press, 1954 -K.N Tiwari, â€Å"Suffering: Indian Perspectives†, Motilal Barnarsidass Delhi, 1986 1 Concise Oxford Dictionary 2 Problems of Suffering in Religions of the World page 200 3 The Religions of the Hindus page 145 4 The Religions of the Hindus page 147-148 5 Hinduism: Essence and Consequence page 153 6 Problems of Suffering in Religions of the World page 216 7 Hinduism: Essence and Consequence page 154 8 Problems of Suffering in Religions of the World page 216 9 Problems of Suffering in Religions of the World page 214 10 The Religions of the Hindus page 128 11 Hinduism and Christianity page 119 12 A Brief Introduction to Hinduism page 31 13 Problems of Suffering in Religions of the World page 214 14Problems of Suffering in Religions of the World page 207 15 Hinduism and Christianity page 133 16 Hinduism: Essence and Consequence page 153